{"id":35538,"date":"2026-08-31T14:37:18","date_gmt":"2026-08-31T14:37:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.esin.av.tr\/?p=35538"},"modified":"2026-08-31T14:37:18","modified_gmt":"2026-08-31T14:37:18","slug":"danistayin-sahibinden-karari-kisisel-cihazdaki-veri-silme-fiili-tek-basina-yerinde-incelemenin-engellenmesi-cezasina-dayanak-olusturmaz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.esin.av.tr\/tr\/2026\/08\/31\/danistayin-sahibinden-karari-kisisel-cihazdaki-veri-silme-fiili-tek-basina-yerinde-incelemenin-engellenmesi-cezasina-dayanak-olusturmaz\/","title":{"rendered":"Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u2019\u0131n Sahibinden Karar\u0131: Ki\u015fisel Cihazdaki Veri Silme Fiili Tek Ba\u015f\u0131na Yerinde \u0130ncelemenin Engellenmesi Cezas\u0131na Dayanak Olu\u015fturmaz"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yeni Geli\u015fme<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dan\u0131\u015ftay 13. Dairesi (\u201cDan\u0131\u015ftay<\/strong>\u201d), 13 Ocak 2026 tarihli ve E. 2023\/2772, K. 2026\/36 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131yla (\u201cDan\u0131\u015ftay<\/strong> Karar\u0131<\/strong>\u201d veya “Karar<\/strong>“), Sahibinden Bilgi Teknolojileri Pazarlama ve Ticaret A.\u015e.\u2019ye (“Sahibinden<\/strong>“) yerinde incelemenin engellenmesi ve zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle verilen idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131n iptaline ili\u015fkin ilk derece mahkemesi ve b\u00f6lge idare mahkemesi kararlar\u0131n\u0131 onam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dan\u0131\u015ftay Karar\u0131, ki\u015fisel bir cihazda bulunan verilerin veya ileti\u015fim kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131rf inceleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda silinmi\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n tek ba\u015f\u0131na yerinde incelemenin engellendi\u011fi sonucuna ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in yeterli olmayabilece\u011fini; \u00f6ncelikle s\u00f6z konusu i\u00e7eri\u011fin Rekabet Kurumu\u2019nun (“Kurum<\/strong>“) inceleme yetkisi kapsam\u0131ndaki “te\u015febb\u00fcse ait veri” niteli\u011finde oldu\u011funun somut bi\u00e7imde ortaya konulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Dan\u0131\u015ftay Karar\u0131, bir yandan yerinde incelemenin etkinli\u011fini ve yerinde incelemenin engellenmesine zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini teyit ederken, di\u011fer yandan ki\u015fisel cihazlarda bulunan verilerin otomatik olarak Kurumun inceleme yetkisi kapsam\u0131na girmedi\u011fini ve yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in silinen veya eri\u015filemeyen i\u00e7eri\u011fin \u201cte\u015febb\u00fcse ait dijital veri\u201d niteli\u011finin somut olarak ortaya konulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Dan\u0131\u015ftay Karar\u0131na Konu Rekabet Kurulu Karar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rekabet Kurulu’nun (“Kurul<\/strong>“) 1 Nisan 2021 tarihli karar\u0131yla i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc piyasas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik centilmenlik anla\u015fmalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak ba\u015flat\u0131lan ve Sahibinden’in de aralar\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu birtak\u0131m te\u015febb\u00fcsler hakk\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lan soru\u015fturma kapsam\u0131nda, 9 Nisan 2021 tarihinde Sahibinden’in ofisinde yerinde inceleme ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Yerinde inceleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda, bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131nda bulunan belirli WhatsApp gruplar\u0131ndaki yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yerinde inceleme ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra silindi\u011fi tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca Kurul, ayn\u0131 gruba ait yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ba\u015fka bir te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n cihazlar\u0131nda bulundu\u011funu ve bu durumun s\u00f6z konusu yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n inceleme ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra silindi\u011fini do\u011frulad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir. Kurul, s\u00f6z konusu silme i\u015fleminin yerinde inceleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda elde edilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilecek delil ve bulgulara eri\u015fimi zorla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya engelledi\u011fi sonucuna ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu de\u011ferlendirme do\u011frultusunda Kurul, 27 May\u0131s 2021 tarih ve 21-27\/354-174 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131yla (\u201cKurul Karar\u0131<\/strong>\u201d) Sahibinden’in yerinde incelemeyi engelledi\u011fi ve zorla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f; 4054 say\u0131l\u0131 Rekabetin Korunmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun’un (\u201c4054 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun<\/strong>\u201d) 16. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (d) bendi uyar\u0131nca te\u015febb\u00fcs hakk\u0131nda idari para cezas\u0131 uygulanmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Kurul Karar\u0131’n\u0131n temelinde, yerinde inceleme ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen veri silme fiilinin, yerinde incelemenin etkinli\u011fini do\u011frudan etkileyen ve bu nedenle yapt\u0131r\u0131ma konu olabilecek bir davran\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 yer almaktad\u0131r. Kurul, teknik incelemeler, adli bili\u015fim bulgular\u0131 ve Kurum Bili\u015fim Teknolojileri Dairesi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’ndan al\u0131nan teknik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler do\u011frultusunda, ilgili WhatsApp gruplar\u0131ndaki yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yerinde inceleme ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra silindi\u011fi sonucuna ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kapsamda Kurul, inceleme ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen silme i\u015fleminin yerinde incelemenin engellenmesi veya zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucunu do\u011furan bir m\u00fcdahale niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Kurul Karar\u0131’nda yerinde incelemenin engellenmesi veya zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n uygulanabilmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan esas a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n veri silme fiiline ve bu fiilin yerinde incelemenin etkinli\u011fi \u00fczerindeki etkisine verilmi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede Kurul, inceleme ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen veri silme i\u015fleminin, yerinde inceleme sonucunda elde edilmesi olas\u0131 delil ve bulgulara eri\u015fimi zorla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve engelledi\u011fi sonucuna ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle Kurul, ge\u00e7mi\u015f kararlar\u0131yla uyumlu olarak, ilgili WhatsApp gruplar\u0131ndaki yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n silinmesini nedeniyle yerinde incelemenin engellenmesi veya zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131 uygulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130dari Yarg\u0131 A\u015famas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sahibinden taraf\u0131ndan Kurul Karar\u0131’n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fctmesinin durdurulmas\u0131 ve iptali istemiyle a\u00e7\u0131lan dava kapsam\u0131nda Ankara 2. \u0130dare Mahkemesi’nin (\u201c\u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi<\/strong>\u201d) 28 Eyl\u00fcl 2022 tarihli ve E.2022\/254, K.2022\/1882 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda yerinde inceleme yetkisinin rekabet hukukunun uygulanmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nem vurgulanm\u0131\u015f; Rekabet Kurumu uzmanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yerinde incelemeye ba\u015flan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan te\u015febb\u00fcslerin delil karartmaya y\u00f6nelik davran\u0131\u015flardan ka\u00e7\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi, idari yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in yapt\u0131r\u0131ma dayanak te\u015fkil eden eylemin t\u00fcm unsurlar\u0131yla somut bilgi ve belgelerle ortaya konulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi, di\u011fer hususlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, veri silindi\u011fi tespit edilen telefonun ki\u015fisel nitelikte oldu\u011funu ve s\u00f6z konusu yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u015firket i\u015flerine ili\u015fkin hususlar i\u00e7ermedi\u011fini dikkate alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kapsamda, \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi s\u00f6z konusu eylemin idari para cezas\u0131na dayanak olu\u015fturabilecek nitelikte olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ankara B\u00f6lge \u0130dare Mahkemesi (\u201cB\u0130M<\/strong>\u201d) 8. \u0130dari Dava Dairesi de 25 May\u0131s 2023 tarihli ve E.2022\/1717, K.2023\/765 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi’nin karar\u0131n\u0131 onam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nDan\u0131\u015ftay’\u0131n Ki\u015fisel Cihazlar ve “Te\u015febb\u00fcse Ait Veri” Kriterine \u0130li\u015fkin De\u011ferlendirmesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lan istinaf ba\u015fvurusunun reddedilmesi \u00fczerine Kurum taraf\u0131ndan temyiz yoluna ba\u015fvurulmu\u015f ve uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k Dan\u0131\u015ftay 13. Dairesi \u00f6n\u00fcne ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dan\u0131\u015ftay da B\u0130M karar\u0131n\u0131 onam\u0131\u015f ve idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131n iptaline ili\u015fkin idari yarg\u0131 karar\u0131 kesinle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Dan\u0131\u015ftay’a g\u00f6re, do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi yerinde incelemelerin habersiz, ans\u0131z\u0131n, s\u00fcratli ve kesintisiz \u015fekilde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi gerekmekte olup, 4054 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’da yer alan yerinde incelemenin engellenmesi veya zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 da soru\u015fturma s\u00fcrecinin etkinli\u011fini korumay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan bir mekanizma i\u015flevi g\u00f6rmektedir. Bu kapsamda Dan\u0131\u015ftay, yerinde incelemenin engellenmesi veya zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n soru\u015fturma s\u00fcrecinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecek aksakl\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 koruyucu bir i\u015flev \u00fcstlendi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte Dan\u0131\u015ftay, Kurum\u2019un yerinde inceleme yetkisinin s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dan\u0131\u015ftay Karar\u0131’nda \u00f6zellikle, ki\u015fisel cihazlarda yap\u0131lan incelemelerin \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011fi alan\u0131na da temas etmesi nedeniyle bu incelemelerin daha hassas \u015fekilde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi gerekti\u011fi vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kapsamda Dan\u0131\u015ftay, Kurum’un ki\u015fisel cihazlar \u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi incelemelerde belirli y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklere tabi oldu\u011funu ve h\u0131zl\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irme sonucunda incelenen verilerin neden \u201cte\u015febb\u00fcse ait dijital veri\u201d niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 somut bi\u00e7imde ortaya koymas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Dan\u0131\u015ftay’\u0131n de\u011ferlendirmesinde \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan husus, uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n veri silme fiilinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fip ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011fi noktas\u0131nda de\u011fil, silinen i\u00e7eriklerin Kurum\u2019un inceleme yetkisi kapsam\u0131nda bulunan \u201cte\u015febb\u00fcse ait dijital veri\u201d niteli\u011fini ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131p ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktas\u0131nda yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. Nitekim Dan\u0131\u015ftay, dosyada yer alan teknik bulgular\u0131n veri silme fiilinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fine i\u015faret etti\u011fini tart\u0131\u015fma konusu yapmam\u0131\u015f; buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, silinen yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu WhatsApp gruplar\u0131n\u0131n “te\u015febb\u00fcse ait veri” i\u00e7erdi\u011finin Kurum taraf\u0131ndan yeterli a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131kla ortaya konulup konulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 incelemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Somut olay bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Dan\u0131\u015ftay, her ne kadar silinen yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu WhatsApp grubuna ba\u015fka bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n cihaz\u0131ndan eri\u015filebilmi\u015f olsa da, ilgili grubun te\u015febb\u00fcse ait veri i\u00e7erip i\u00e7ermedi\u011finin somut bi\u00e7imde ortaya konulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir. Dan\u0131\u015ftay ayr\u0131ca dosya kapsam\u0131ndaki mevcut yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n incelenmesi sonucunda, s\u00f6z konusu i\u00e7eriklerin te\u015febb\u00fcse ait verilerden ziyade ki\u015fisel nitelikte yaz\u0131\u015fmalar olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilece\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. Bu nedenle Dan\u0131\u015ftay, ki\u015fisel ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r cihazda bulunan ve silindi\u011fi tespit edilen yaz\u0131\u015fmalar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u201cte\u015febb\u00fcse ait dijital veri\u201d unsurunun somut bir \u015fekilde ortaya konulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015farak idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131n iptaline ili\u015fkin B\u0130M karar\u0131n\u0131 onam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n

Karar, yerinde incelemenin etkinli\u011fi ve bu kapsamdaki yapt\u0131r\u0131m mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemi teyit edilmekle birlikte, ki\u015fisel cihazlarda bulunan i\u00e7eriklere dayan\u0131larak yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in s\u00f6z konusu i\u00e7eriklerin neden \u201cte\u015febb\u00fcse ait dijital veri\u201d niteli\u011finde oldu\u011funun Kurum taraf\u0131ndan somut bi\u00e7imde ortaya konulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, Karar’\u0131n Kurumun yerinde inceleme uygulamalar\u0131nda fiiliyatta ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yarataca\u011f\u0131, hangi somut g\u00f6stergelerin \u201cte\u015febb\u00fcse ait dijital veri\u201d tespiti bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yeterli kabul edilece\u011fi ve bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n sonraki Kurul kararlar\u0131na nas\u0131l yans\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131 \u015fimdilik belirsizli\u011fini korumaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle karar\u0131n pratik etkilerinin ve uygulamadaki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde olu\u015facak Kurul uygulamalar\u0131 ve yarg\u0131 i\u00e7tihad\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde daha net ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 beklenmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yeni Geli\u015fme Dan\u0131\u015ftay 13. Dairesi (\u201cDan\u0131\u015ftay\u201d), 13 Ocak 2026 tarihli ve E. 2023\/2772, K. 2026\/36 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131yla (\u201cDan\u0131\u015ftay Karar\u0131\u201d veya […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[120],"tags":[108],"class_list":["post-35538","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-legal-alerts","tag-competition-tr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDan\u0131\u015ftay\u2019\u0131n Sahibinden Karar\u0131: Ki\u015fisel Cihazdaki Veri Silme Fiili Tek Ba\u015f\u0131na Yerinde \u0130ncelemenin Engellenmesi Cezas\u0131na Dayanak Olu\u015fturmaz<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Yeni Geli\u015fme Dan\u0131\u015ftay 13. 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