{"id":26895,"date":"2023-12-26T06:32:54","date_gmt":"2023-12-26T06:32:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.esin.av.tr\/?p=26895"},"modified":"2023-12-26T06:32:54","modified_gmt":"2023-12-26T06:32:54","slug":"rekabet-kurumunun-pismanlik-yonetmeligi-guncellendi-ve-yururluge-girdi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.esin.av.tr\/tr\/2023\/12\/26\/rekabet-kurumunun-pismanlik-yonetmeligi-guncellendi-ve-yururluge-girdi\/","title":{"rendered":"Rekabet Kurumu’nun Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi G\u00fcncellendi ve Y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe Girdi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yeni Geli\u015fme<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Rekabet Kurumu’nun (“Kurum<\/strong>“), Kartellerin Ortaya \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 Amac\u0131yla Aktif \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Y\u00f6netmelik metni (“Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi<\/strong>“), 16 Aral\u0131k 2023 tarih ve 31542 say\u0131l\u0131 Resmi Gazete’de yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f ve ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. Taslak Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi’ne ili\u015fkin Ekim 2023’e kadar kamuoyu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 takiben y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi, 15 \u015eubat 2009’da yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihten itibaren 14 y\u0131ld\u0131r y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan Eski Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi’nin (“Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Y\u00f6netmelik<\/strong>“) uygulanmas\u0131ndan edinilen \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlar\u0131 yans\u0131tmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi, Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Y\u00f6netmelik’in temel yap\u0131 ve mahiyetini korumakla birlikte, T\u00fcrk rekabet hukuku mevzuat\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fiklikler, uygulamadan elde edilen \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlar ve k\u00fcresel geli\u015fmeler do\u011frultusunda \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6nemli notlar<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi’nin getirdi\u011fi \u00f6nemli kavram ve ilkelere a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yer verilmektedir:<\/p>\n

A. Kartel kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 da pi\u015fmanl\u0131ktan yararlanabilir<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi, yeni getirilen “kartel kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131” tan\u0131m\u0131 ile Kurum’un kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 yap\u0131lara ili\u015fkin anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r: “kartel taraflar\u0131 ile \u00fcretim veya da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m zincirinin ayn\u0131 seviyesinde faaliyet g\u00f6stermeksizin, bir kartelin kurulmas\u0131na ve\/veya s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesine arac\u0131l\u0131k eden, faaliyetleriyle bir kartelin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 veya s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran te\u015febb\u00fcsleri ve te\u015febb\u00fcs birlikleri”<\/em><\/li>\n
  • Kurum, pazarlardaki hareketleri s\u00fcrekli olarak takip etmekte olup, y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc soru\u015fturmalarda da topla da\u011f\u0131t kartellerine kar\u015f\u0131 net bir duru\u015f sergilemektedir. Yeni getirilen bu tan\u0131m, topla da\u011f\u0131t karteli i\u00e7erisindeki “hub” g\u00f6revini g\u00f6ren yap\u0131lar\u0131n da tam ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131ktan faydalanabilece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturmu\u015f ve Kurum’a pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ba\u015fvurusu sunabilecek kanallar\u0131 geni\u015fletmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    B. Beklentiler y\u00fckseldi, “katma de\u011fer yaratan belge” sunmaya dikkat ediniz <\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Avrupa Birli\u011fi’ndeki yakla\u015f\u0131m ile paralel olarak, ba\u015fvuru sahiplerinin Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi kapsam\u0131nda ceza indirimi ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131ktan istifade edebilmesi i\u00e7in art\u0131k “katma de\u011fer yaratan belge” sunmalar\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/li>\n
    • Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi, bir di\u011fer yeni tan\u0131m olan katma de\u011fer yaratan belgeyi, “Kurul’un elindeki deliller dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Kurul’un karteli ispat etme imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecek bilgiler ve belgeler” olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n
    • Bundan sonra, Rekabet Kurulu’nun (“Kurul<\/strong>“) elindeki deliller dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bu pi\u015fmanl\u0131k m\u00fcessesesinden yararlanmak isteyen ba\u015fvuru sahiplerinin, Kurul’u, karteli kan\u0131tlama noktas\u0131nda daha iyi bir konuma getirecek deliller sunmas\u0131 gerekecektir.<\/li>\n
    • Bu geli\u015fme, Kurul’un pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ba\u015fvurular\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda sunulan bilgi ve belgelere ili\u015fkin daha kat\u0131 bir tutum sergileyece\u011fini de g\u00f6stermektedir. Kurum, art\u0131k soru\u015fturma s\u00fcrecine ger\u00e7ekten katk\u0131da bulunacak ve karteli kan\u0131tlama imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecek imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 dikkate almakta olup, halihaz\u0131rda dosyada yer alan bulgular\u0131 tekrar eden, bir katma de\u011fer sunmayan ba\u015fvurular\u0131n pi\u015fmanl\u0131k m\u00fcessesesinden faydalanamamas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olabilecektir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      C. Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi’nin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 durumlar hakk\u0131nda daha berrak bir yakla\u015f\u0131m<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi, pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ba\u015fvurusunun ba\u015fvuru ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131na kanaat getirmesi, ancak Kurul nezdinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ihlal de\u011ferlendirmesi neticesinde bir kartel tespiti yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 halinde dahi Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemektedir. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ba\u015fvurusu kabul edilen te\u015febb\u00fcsler, nihai kararda tespit edilen ihlal kartel olarak nitelendirilmese dahi tam ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131ktan veya ceza indiriminden yararlanabilecektir.<\/li>\n
      • Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi’ndeki d\u00fczenleme, “ihlalin niteli\u011fi” sorununa da bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm getirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Zira Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Y\u00f6netmelik’in lafz\u0131, pi\u015fmanl\u0131k s\u00fcrecinin yaln\u0131z karteller bak\u0131m\u0131ndan uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmekteydi. Kurul’un nihai anlamda kartel olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na kanaat getirdi\u011fi yatay ihlallere ili\u015fkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ba\u015fvurular\u0131n\u0131n hukuki stat\u00fcs\u00fc, Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi ve Kurul i\u00e7tihad\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan net olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, te\u015febb\u00fcsler rekabet hukuku nezdindeki s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmalar\u0131nda zorluklar ya\u015fayabilmekteydi. \u00d6zellikle, pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ba\u015fvurular\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131z karteller bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u00f6z konusu olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirten Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Y\u00f6netmelik sebebiyle, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte te\u015febb\u00fcsler, i\u00e7erisindeki bulunduklar\u0131 ihlalin kartel mi yoksa daha hafif bir yatay ihlal mi (ilgili te\u015febb\u00fcsler aras\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k bir uzla\u015f\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmeyen, salt bilgi de\u011fi\u015fimleri vb.) olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na emin olamad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in teredd\u00fctte kalabilmekteydi. Kurul’un ge\u00e7mi\u015f kararlar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde, bu endi\u015fenin beyhude olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin Kurul’un Otomotiv Bayileri<\/em> (16.12.2013; 13-70\/952-403) karar\u0131nda, ba\u015fvuran te\u015febb\u00fcs, ihlalin kartel olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 sebebiyle pi\u015fmanl\u0131k m\u00fcessesesinden yararlanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bunun kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, Kurul’un daha g\u00fcncel Sendikasyon Kredileri<\/em> (28.11.2017; 17-39\/636-276) karar\u0131nda ise Kurul, her ne kadar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ihlalin bir kartel de\u011fil, rekabete ayk\u0131r\u0131 bilgi de\u011fi\u015fiminden ibaret oldu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirilse de ba\u015fvuru sahibine tam ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi ile Sendikasyon Kredileri’ndeki bu daha uzla\u015fmac\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m mevzuata eklenerek konuya a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k kazand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n
      • Yukar\u0131daki hususlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi’nde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bu kayda de\u011fer de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fin, muhtemel pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ba\u015fvurusu sahiplerini, ihlali karakterize etmekte endi\u015feleri olsa dahi cesaretlendirece\u011fi de\u011ferlendirilmektedir.<\/li>\n
      • Elbette ki bu, te\u015febb\u00fcslerin art\u0131k b\u00fct\u00fcn ihlal t\u00fcrleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ba\u015fvurusu yapabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmemektedir. Bu de\u011fi\u015fiklik, soru\u015fturman\u0131n ilk a\u015famalar\u0131nda veya ba\u015fvuru s\u0131ras\u0131nda kartel olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k olmayan yatay ihlaller i\u00e7in de pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ba\u015fvurusu yap\u0131labilmesini g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almak amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        D. S\u00fcrelerde de\u011fi\u015fiklik<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        • Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Y\u00f6netmelik’ten farkl\u0131 olarak, Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi, ba\u015fvurular i\u00e7in soru\u015fturma raporunun tebli\u011finden \u00f6nce olmak kayd\u0131yla, soru\u015fturma bildiriminin tebli\u011fini takiben \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k bir s\u00fcre s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 getirmektedir.\u00a0 Bu de\u011fi\u015fiklik, Kurum’un soru\u015fturmalar\u0131 daha verimli ve h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde sonu\u00e7land\u0131rma gayesine i\u015faret etmektedir.<\/li>\n
        • Bu \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131rlama, Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi’nin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten \u00f6nceki soru\u015fturmalar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ise uygulanmayacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n
        • \u0130laveten, ba\u015fvuru sahibi, ba\u015fvuru tarihinden sonra ilave bilgi ve belge edinmesi halinde, bu bilgi ve belgeleri, ikinci yaz\u0131l\u0131 savunma s\u00fcresi bitmeden sunabilecektir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          E. \u0130dari para cezalar\u0131nda g\u00fcncellemeler<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi, uygulanabilecek idari para ceza indirimlerinin aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmi\u015ftir. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Y\u00f6netmelik ile Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 bir tabloyu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bulabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          Ceza \u0130ndirimi (%)<\/strong><\/td>\nGe\u00e7mi\u015f Y\u00f6netmelik<\/strong><\/td>\nPi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0130lk Ba\u015fvuru Sahibi<\/strong><\/td>\n%33,3 – %50<\/strong><\/td>\n%25 – %50<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0130kinci Ba\u015fvuru Sahibi<\/strong><\/td>\n%25 – %33,3<\/strong><\/td>\n%20 – %40<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Di\u011fer<\/strong><\/td>\n%16,6 – %25<\/strong><\/td>\n%15 – %30<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          \u015e\u00fcphesiz, yukar\u0131da da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, Kurul’un ceza indirimi de\u011ferlendirmeleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda katma de\u011fer yaratan belgelerin mahiyeti de \u00e7ok daha hassas bir \u015fekilde ele al\u0131nacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

          Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi, ayr\u0131ca, bir te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fcn sundu\u011fu belgelerin de\u011fer katan belge niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131mamas\u0131 nedeniyle pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ba\u015fvurusunun kabul edilmemesi halinde, sunulan bilgi ve belgelerin dosya kapsam\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve soru\u015fturma sonunda al\u0131nacak nihai kararda dayanak olarak kullan\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmektedir.<\/p>\n

          F.\u00a0Eski \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n katk\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi, esasen Kartellerin Ortaya \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 Amac\u0131yla Aktif \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin A\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin K\u0131lavuz’un (“K\u0131lavuz<\/strong>“) 46. paragraf\u0131nda h\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda yer verilen bir prensibe de y\u00f6netmelik i\u00e7erisinde yer vermi\u015ftir. K\u0131lavuz kapsam\u0131nda, ba\u015fvuruda bulunan te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fcn, m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse eski y\u00f6netici ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 da d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere y\u00f6netici ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131na ba\u015fvurma imk\u00e2n\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtilirken, bu prensip art\u0131k pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ba\u015fvurusundan faydalanmak isteyen ba\u015fvuru sahipleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck olarak Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi’nin 6. maddesi i\u00e7erisinde kendisine yer bulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

          Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/h3>\n

          Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi, Kurum’un geli\u015fen yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymakta ve pi\u015fmanl\u0131k prosed\u00fcrlerine ili\u015fkin g\u00fcncel prensiplerin \u00e7er\u00e7evesini \u00e7izmektedir. Bu de\u011fi\u015fiklik neticesinde, pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ba\u015fvurular\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 art\u0131p, ba\u015fvuru sahiplerinin \u00f6deyece\u011fi idari para cezalar\u0131 azalabilirken, Kurum ise soru\u015fturma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinden kaynaklanan zaman ve kaynak tasarrufu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kazan\u0131m elde edebilecektir.<\/p>\n

          Halihaz\u0131rda s\u00fcrmekte olan soru\u015fturmalar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ise, ba\u015fvuru sahibinin yarar\u0131na olan h\u00fck\u00fcmler uygulanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Yeni Geli\u015fme Rekabet Kurumu’nun (“Kurum“), Kartellerin Ortaya \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 Amac\u0131yla Aktif \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Y\u00f6netmelik metni (“Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi“), 16 Aral\u0131k 2023 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[120],"tags":[108],"class_list":["post-26895","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-legal-alerts","tag-competition-tr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nRekabet Kurumu'nun Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi G\u00fcncellendi ve Y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe Girdi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Yeni Geli\u015fme Rekabet Kurumu'nun ("Kurum"), Kartellerin Ortaya \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 Amac\u0131yla Aktif 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