{"id":21393,"date":"2021-12-31T08:45:09","date_gmt":"2021-12-31T08:45:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.esin.av.tr\/?p=21393"},"modified":"2022-06-09T13:32:24","modified_gmt":"2022-06-09T13:32:24","slug":"kripto-kanunu-yolda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.esin.av.tr\/tr\/2021\/12\/31\/kripto-kanunu-yolda\/","title":{"rendered":"Kripto Kanunu Yolda"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yeni Geli\u015fmeler<\/strong><\/h3>\n

G\u00fcndemin s\u0131cak ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131ndan olan kripto varl\u0131klara ili\u015fkin yasal \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi \u00e7izmek ad\u0131na Sermaye Piyasas\u0131 Kanunu’nda (“SPKn<\/strong>“) de\u011fi\u015fiklikler \u00f6ng\u00f6ren teklif tasla\u011f\u0131 (“Teklif Tasla\u011f\u0131<\/strong>“) T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi g\u00fcndemine ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Teklif Tasla\u011f\u0131 Neler Getiriyor?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Teklif Tasla\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n i\u00e7erdi\u011fi baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde:<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00d6demelerde Kripto Varl\u0131klar\u0131n Kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131na Dair Y\u00f6netmelik, \u00f6demelerde kullan\u0131lamayacak kripto varl\u0131klar\u0131 tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Konuyla ilgili b\u00fcltenimize buradan<\/a> ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Teklif Tasla\u011f\u0131’nda c\u00fczdan, kripto varl\u0131k, kripto varl\u0131k al\u0131m sat\u0131m platformu (“Platform<\/strong>“), kripto varl\u0131k saklama hizmeti ve kripto varl\u0131k hizmet sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 kavramlar\u0131 mevzuatta genel anlam\u0131yla ilk defa tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Buna g\u00f6re, kripto para, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131k defter teknolojisi veya benzer bir teknoloji kullan\u0131larak sanal olarak olu\u015fturulup saklanabilen, dijital a\u011flar \u00fczerinden da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lan ve de\u011fer veya hak ifade edebilen gayri maddi varl\u0131klar\u0131 ifade edecek.<\/p>\n

Kripto Varl\u0131k Al\u0131m Sat\u0131m \u0130\u015flemlerinin ve Kripto Varl\u0131k Hizmet Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n Tabi Oldu\u011fu Esaslar<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    \n
  • Kripto varl\u0131klar\u0131n al\u0131m sat\u0131m\u0131 yaln\u0131zca kurulu\u015f ve faaliyete ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in Sermaye Piyasas\u0131 Kurulu’ndan (“SPK<\/strong>“) izin alan Platformlar taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek.<\/li>\n
  • SPK, Platformlar’da i\u015flem g\u00f6recek kripto varl\u0131klar\u0131n belirlenmesi ve i\u015flem g\u00f6rmenin sonland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve elden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenlemeler yapmak i\u00e7in yetkili olacak.<\/li>\n
  • Kripto varl\u0131k saklama hizmeti, SPK taraf\u0131ndan yetkilendirilmi\u015f ve Bankac\u0131l\u0131k D\u00fczenleme ve Denetleme Kurumu (“BDDK<\/strong>“) taraf\u0131ndan uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclen bankalar ya da di\u011fer kurulu\u015flarca sunulacak ve m\u00fc\u015fterilere ait nakitler bankalarda saklanacak.<\/li>\n
  • Platformlar\u0131n ortaklar\u0131, y\u00f6netim kurulu \u00fcyeleri ve temsilcileri Teklif Tasla\u011f\u0131’nda yer alan \u015fartlar\u0131 sa\u011flamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olacak.<\/li>\n
  • Teklif Tasla\u011f\u0131, kripto varl\u0131k al\u0131m sat\u0131m platformlar\u0131, kripto varl\u0131k saklama hizmeti sa\u011flayan kurulu\u015flar ve SPKn’na dayan\u0131larak yap\u0131lacak d\u00fczenlemelerde kripto varl\u0131klarla ilgili olarak hizmet sa\u011flamak \u00fczere belirlenmi\u015f kurulu\u015flar\u0131 kripto varl\u0131k hizmet sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 (“KVHS<\/strong>“) olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor. Bu kapsamda, Platform m\u00fc\u015fterilerine ait kripto varl\u0131klar ve nakitler, KVHS’lere ait malvarl\u0131klar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131 olarak izlenecek ve bu varl\u0131klar birbirlerinin bor\u00e7lar\u0131 nedeniyle haciz, rehin ve ihtiyati tedbire konu ve iflas masas\u0131na dahil edilemeyecek.<\/li>\n
  • Platform ve m\u00fc\u015fteriler aras\u0131nda kripto varl\u0131k al\u0131m sat\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler yaz\u0131l\u0131 veya mesafeli olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilecek. Bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmelere ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar\u0131 SPK belirleyecek.<\/li>\n
  • KVHS; hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 faaliyetleri, teslim y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerinde temerr\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015fmeleri ya da siber sald\u0131r\u0131, teknik ar\u0131zalar, operasyonel hatalar veya KVHS mensuplar\u0131ndan kaynaklanan suiistimaller sonucunda olu\u015fan zararlar nedeniyle birincil olarak sorumlu olacak, KVHS’lerin tazmin imkan\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise kendilerine y\u00fckletilebildi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde KVHS mensuplar\u0131 zararlardan sorumlu tutulacak. Zarardan sorumlu tutulan ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filer hakk\u0131nda SPK’n\u0131n talebi \u00fczerinde \u015fahsen iflas karar\u0131 verilebilecek. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle Teklif Tasla\u011f\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131y\u0131 koruyan geni\u015f bir sorumluluk rejimi getiriyor.<\/li>\n
  • Platformlar, faaliyet izni ald\u0131klar\u0131 y\u0131ldan itibaren faiz gelirleri hari\u00e7 b\u00fct\u00fcn gelirlerinin azami y\u00fczde onu olmak \u00fczere, her takvim y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in SPK taraf\u0131ndan belirlenecek oran\u0131 SPK’ya \u00f6deyecek.<\/li>\n
  • Sermaye piyasas\u0131 ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kripto varl\u0131k olarak ihra\u00e7 edilebilecek.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Platform M\u00fc\u015fterilerinin Tabi Oldu\u011fu Esaslar<\/strong><\/h3>\n
      \n
    • T\u00fcrkiye’de yerle\u015fik ki\u015filer, yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yerle\u015fik kurulu\u015flarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirecekleri i\u015flemler de dahil olmak \u00fczere, kripto varl\u0131k al\u0131m sat\u0131m i\u015flemlerini yaln\u0131zca SPK taraf\u0131ndan yetkilendirilecek kurulu\u015flar nezdinde yapabilecek. SPK, kripto varl\u0131klar\u0131n elden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u015flemlerinde bu zorunlu\u011fa istisnalar getirebilecek.<\/li>\n
    • M\u00fc\u015fteriler, Platformlar nezdinde bulunan kripto varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 yaln\u0131zca di\u011fer Platformlara transfer edebilecek. Platformlar\u0131n kapal\u0131 devre olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden Platformlardan ki\u015fisel c\u00fczdanlara \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f olmayacak.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Kripto Varl\u0131klara \u0130li\u015fkin \u0130\u015flemlerin Denetimi ve Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar<\/strong><\/h3>\n
        \n
      • KVHS’ler, SPKn’nda yer alan d\u00fczenlemelere uyum a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan SPK’n\u0131n denetleme yetkisi kapsam\u0131nda olacak.<\/li>\n
      • \u0130zin almaks\u0131z\u0131n KVHS olarak faaliyet g\u00f6steren ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fi ve t\u00fczel ki\u015filerin yetkilileri \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ldan be\u015f y\u0131la kadar hapis ve be\u015f bin g\u00fcnden on bin g\u00fcne kadar adli para cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lacak.<\/li>\n
      • SPK taraf\u0131ndan yetkilendirilen kurulu\u015flar d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki kurulu\u015flarda i\u015flem yapan m\u00fc\u015fterilere 20.000 TL’den az olmamak \u00fczere i\u015flem tutar\u0131 kadar, yaln\u0131zca hesap a\u00e7anlara ise 20.000 TL tutar\u0131nda idari para cezas\u0131 uygulanacak.<\/li>\n
      • SPK taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen esaslara ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak internet \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan ilan, reklam ve duyurularla ilgili olarak SPK’n\u0131n ba\u015fvurusu \u00fczerine Bilgi Teknolojileri ve \u0130leti\u015fim Kurumu internet sitesi eri\u015fimini engelleyebilecek.<\/li>\n
      • \u0130zin almaks\u0131z\u0131n KVHS faaliyeti y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi, 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun kapsam\u0131nda internet ortam\u0131nda yap\u0131lan yay\u0131nlara ili\u015fkin su\u00e7lar kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilecek. Bu do\u011frultuda, izinsiz KVHS faaliyetlerine ili\u015fkin internet sitesi i\u00e7eriklerinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve internet sitesi veya i\u00e7eriklerin eri\u015fime engellenmesi s\u00f6z konusu olabilecek.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u0130ntibak S\u00fcreci<\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
        • Teklif Tasla\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n kanunla\u015farak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihte faaliyet g\u00f6stermekte olan Platformlar, SPK’n\u0131n ikincil d\u00fczenlemeleri y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girene kadar izin \u015fart\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n faaliyetlerine devam edebilecek. \u0130kincil d\u00fczenlemeler y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girene kadar yeni bir Platform kurulamayacak ve kurulmu\u015f olanlar faaliyet g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flayamayacak.<\/li>\n
        • \u0130kincil d\u00fczenlemeler y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdikten sonra Platformlar belirlenecek s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde SPK’ya ba\u015fvuruda bulunacak. Ba\u015fvuruda bulunmayan Platformlar kripto varl\u0131k al\u0131m sat\u0131m i\u015flemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiremeyecek.<\/li>\n
        • Yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki kurulu\u015flarda hesaplar\u0131 bulunan T\u00fcrkiye’de yerle\u015fik ki\u015filer hesaplar\u0131n\u0131 Teklif Tasla\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n kanunla\u015farak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten itibaren alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7inde tasfiye edecek. Yetkilendirilmi\u015f kurulu\u015flar d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki c\u00fczdanlardan yetkilendirilmi\u015f kurulu\u015flara transferler en ge\u00e7 SPK taraf\u0131ndan ilk faaliyet izninin verildi\u011fi tarihi takip eden alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lacak.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/h3>\n

          Her ne kadar Teklif Tasla\u011f\u0131 kripto varl\u0131klar ile ilgili d\u00fczenlemelerin SPKn’na eklenmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6rse de kripto varl\u0131klara “sermaye piyasas\u0131 arac\u0131” niteli\u011fi atfedilmiyor ve kripto varl\u0131klar sermaye piyasas\u0131 ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 bir hukuki rejime tabi tutuluyor.<\/p>\n

          Teklif Tasla\u011f\u0131 bir yandan yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 koruyacak bir KVHS sorumluluk rejimi getirirken, bir yandan da idari ve adli yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar kanal\u0131yla SPK g\u00f6zetimi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 piyasalarda i\u015flem yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 da engelliyor.<\/p>\n

          Bu do\u011frultuda, kripto varl\u0131klar\u0131n takibini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lmak amac\u0131yla “kapal\u0131 devre” yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a benimsenmi\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n

          Son olarak, Teklif Tasla\u011f\u0131, ikincil d\u00fczenlemeler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan SPK’ya geni\u015f yetkiler veriyor. Bu nedenle SPK’n\u0131n nas\u0131l bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla ikincil d\u00fczenlemeleri kaleme alaca\u011f\u0131 ve kripto varl\u0131k piyasas\u0131n\u0131n ikincil d\u00fczenlemelere nas\u0131l tepkiler verece\u011finin yak\u0131ndan takip edilmesi gerekecek.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Yeni Geli\u015fmeler G\u00fcndemin s\u0131cak ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131ndan olan kripto varl\u0131klara ili\u015fkin yasal \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi \u00e7izmek ad\u0131na Sermaye Piyasas\u0131 Kanunu’nda (“SPKn“) de\u011fi\u015fiklikler \u00f6ng\u00f6ren teklif […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[120],"tags":[90,93,97,160],"class_list":["post-21393","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-legal-alerts","tag-banking-finance-tr","tag-information-technology-communications-tr","tag-capital-markets-tr","tag-finansal-teknolojiler-fintek"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nKripto Kanunu Yolda<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Yeni Geli\u015fmeler G\u00fcndemin s\u0131cak ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131ndan olan kripto 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