{"id":16388,"date":"2020-05-18T11:34:11","date_gmt":"2020-05-18T11:34:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.esin.av.tr\/?p=16388"},"modified":"2022-06-09T13:01:52","modified_gmt":"2022-06-09T13:01:52","slug":"covid-19-doneminde-nakit-yonetimi-turk-sirketler-icin-alternatif-finansman-yontemleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.esin.av.tr\/tr\/2020\/05\/18\/covid-19-doneminde-nakit-yonetimi-turk-sirketler-icin-alternatif-finansman-yontemleri\/","title":{"rendered":"COVID-19 D\u00f6neminde Nakit Y\u00f6netimi: T\u00fcrk \u015eirketler i\u00e7in Alternatif Finansman Y\u00f6ntemleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n

COVID-19, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada oldu\u011fu gibi \u00fclkemizde de etkisini g\u00f6stermektedir ve \u015firketlerin g\u00fcndemindeki en \u00f6nemli konu haline gelmi\u015ftir. Nakit ak\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki kopukluklar ve geleneksel finansman kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n daralmas\u0131, alternatif finansman y\u00f6ntemlerinin, \u015firketlerin g\u00fcndemlerinin en tepesine eklenmesini gerektirecek.<\/p>\n

Sermaye Piyasalar\u0131<\/u><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Mevcut piyasa ko\u015fullar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u015firketler i\u00e7in yeni halka arzlar veya geleneksel tahvil ihra\u00e7lar\u0131 reva\u00e7ta olan alternatifler olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyecek. Ancak \u015firketlerin, sermaye piyasalar\u0131nda finansman i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurabilece\u011fi pek \u00e7ok di\u011fer alternatif bulundu\u011fu unutulmamal\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sermaye Katk\u0131s\u0131<\/u><\/p>\n

Sermaye katk\u0131s\u0131, r\u00fc\u00e7han haklar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131tlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sermaye art\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya r\u00fc\u00e7han haklar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131smen veya tamamen k\u0131s\u0131tland\u0131\u011f\u0131 sermaye art\u0131\u015f\u0131 yoluyla yap\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

R\u00fc\u00e7han haklar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131tlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sermaye art\u0131\u015f\u0131nda t\u00fcm hissedarlar, hisseleri oran\u0131nda sermaye art\u0131\u015f\u0131na kat\u0131lma hakk\u0131na sahiptir. Bu \u015fekilde art\u0131\u015f, izahname haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 ve izahnamenin Sermaye Piyasas\u0131 Kurulu (“SPK<\/strong>“) taraf\u0131ndan onaylanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. T\u00fcm hissedarlara yeni paylar\u0131 hisseleri oran\u0131nda alma hakk\u0131 veren r\u00fc\u00e7han hakk\u0131, ayr\u0131ca sat\u0131labilir bir hakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

R\u00fc\u00e7han hakk\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131tland\u0131\u011f\u0131 sermaye art\u0131\u015f\u0131, yeni paylar halka arz edilmeksizin nitelikli yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lara sat\u0131\u015f ve tahsisli sat\u0131\u015f yoluyla yap\u0131labilir. Bu art\u0131\u015f y\u00f6nteminde ihra\u00e7\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n izahname haz\u0131rlamas\u0131 gerekmezken; ihra\u00e7 belgesi haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 ve SPK’ya onaylat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Sermaye art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131ca r\u00fc\u00e7han haklar\u0131 tamamen k\u0131s\u0131tlan\u0131p, yeni paylar\u0131n halka arz edilerek yap\u0131lmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu y\u00f6ntemde izahname haz\u0131rlan\u0131p SPK’ya onaylat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

Paya D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilir Tahviller<\/u><\/p>\n

Paya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilir tahviller, tahvil sahiplerine vade sonunda ellerinde bulunan tahvili hisseye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme hakk\u0131 veren bor\u00e7lanma ara\u00e7lar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle paya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilir tahviller hibrit bor\u00e7lanma ara\u00e7lar\u0131 olarak kabul edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u015eirketler, vadesi bir y\u0131ldan az olmamak ko\u015fuluyla paya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilir tahvilleri; halka arz, nitelikli yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lara sat\u0131\u015f veya tahsisli sat\u0131\u015f olarak piyasaya s\u00fcrebilir.<\/p>\n

Paya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilir tahvilin faiz oran\u0131 geleneksel tahvillere oranla genellikle daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Zira paya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilir tahvil, sahibine vade sonunda tahvilini hisseye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme imk\u00e2n\u0131 sa\u011flamakta ve bu sayede tahvil sahibi, hem \u015firket de\u011ferinin art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile yarar sa\u011flayabilmekte hem de tahvilden faiz geliri elde etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Halka Kapal\u0131 \u015eirket ile Halka A\u00e7\u0131k \u015eirket Birle\u015fmeleri \/ Ters Birle\u015fmeler<\/u><\/p>\n

Halka kapal\u0131 ve finansman yap\u0131s\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015firketin, halka a\u00e7\u0131k di\u011fer bir \u015firketi devralmas\u0131 suretiyle birle\u015fmesi yoluyla da finansman sa\u011flanmas\u0131 g\u00fcndeme gelebilir.<\/p>\n

Toplam sermaye birle\u015fme ile art\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olacak ve mevcut piyasa dalgalanmalar\u0131ndan en az \u015fekilde etkilenmesi sa\u011flanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu sayede halka kapal\u0131 \u015firketler, klasik bir halka arz s\u00fcreci izlemeden halka a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r. Normal \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda halka a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015firketin halk arz yolu ile sermaye art\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcreci veya ikincil halka arz\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi aylar s\u00fcrse de, ters birle\u015fmelerin tamamlanmas\u0131 bundan \u00e7ok daha k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaktad\u0131r. Bu sayede s\u00fcre\u00e7 y\u00f6netiminden ve harcanacak enerjiden tasarruf sa\u011flanacak ve \u015firketlerin yeniden organizasyonu ile operasyonel masraflar\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 ve merkezi y\u00f6netimin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli zaman ayr\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Paya Dayal\u0131 Kitle Fonlamas\u0131<\/u><\/p>\n

Paya dayal\u0131 kitle fonlamas\u0131nda \u015firketler, finansmana ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan tutar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u015firket hisselerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 sat\u0131\u015fa sunarak finansman sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kitle fonlamas\u0131 i\u015flemleri, SPK taraf\u0131ndan yetkilendirilmi\u015f olan kitle fonlama platformlar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kitle fonlamas\u0131 ile finansman sa\u011flamak isteyen \u015firketlerin, teknoloji veya \u00fcretim faaliyetlerinde bulunan ve son be\u015f y\u0131l i\u00e7inde kurulan \u015firketler olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Kitle fonlamas\u0131 ile ilgili daha geni\u015f bilgi almak i\u00e7in \u201cPaya Dayal\u0131 Kitle Fonlamas\u0131: Yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar \u0130\u00e7in Alternatif Bir Y\u00f6ntem<\/a><\/u><\/strong>\u201d adl\u0131 mevzuat b\u00fcltenimize g\u00f6z atabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Varl\u0131\u011fa veya \u0130pote\u011fe Dayal\u0131 Menkul K\u0131ymetler<\/u><\/p>\n

Genellikle, finans kurulu\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan tercih edilen bu finansman y\u00f6ntemi uzun vadeli teminatl\u0131 veya teminats\u0131z alacaklara kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k olarak bor\u00e7lanma arac\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karma imk\u00e2n\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tahvillerin teminat\u0131 baz\u0131 alacaklar oldu\u011fundan s\u00f6z konusu menkul k\u0131ymetler, yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar i\u00e7in risk oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan bir yat\u0131r\u0131m arac\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Mal ve hizmet \u00fcretimi faaliyetlerinde bulunan \u015firketler, b\u00f6ylece uzun vadeli birtak\u0131m alacaklar\u0131n\u0131 varl\u0131\u011fa dayal\u0131 menkul k\u0131ymet fonlar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla vadesinden \u00f6nce nakde d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme imk\u00e2n\u0131na sahip olacaklar.<\/p>\n

Finans Piyasalar\u0131<\/u><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u015eirketlerin, h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde finansmana ula\u015fma ihtiyac\u0131 nedeniyle sermaye piyasas\u0131 enstr\u00fcmanlar\u0131 yerine finans piyasas\u0131ndaki alternatif ara\u00e7lara da y\u00f6nelmeleri s\u00f6z konusu olabilecektir. Bu kapsamda \u015firketler, mevcut bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rmay\u0131, faktoring ve di\u011fer alacak finansman\u0131 i\u015flemlerini veya grup i\u00e7i bor\u00e7lanmay\u0131 da bir se\u00e7enek olarak tercih edebilir.<\/p>\n

Alacak Finansman\u0131: Faktoring ve Fatura \u0130skontosu<\/u><\/p>\n

Mal ve hizmet \u00fcretimi ve sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 yapan \u015firketlerin k\u0131sa vadeli nakit ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in uzun vadeli olan alacaklar\u0131n\u0131 faktoring kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ve bankalara satmas\u0131, her zaman tercih edilebilecek bir yoldur.<\/p>\n

Bu t\u00fcr alacak finansman\u0131 i\u015flemleri, k\u0131sa vadede nakit ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve bu yolla \u00f6demeler dengesinin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Ayn\u0131 zamanda s\u00f6z konusu alacaklar\u0131n tahsilat y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in yap\u0131lacak masraflar ve gerekli i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcnden de tasarruf ettirir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ok say\u0131da tedarik\u00e7isi olan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015firketler de sahip olduklar\u0131 kredibiliteyi ve finansal kurulu\u015f ili\u015fkilerini, tedarik\u00e7ilerinin alacaklar\u0131n\u0131 vadesinden \u00f6nce sat\u0131p nakde \u00e7evirebilece\u011fi tedarik\u00e7i finansman\u0131 program\u0131 kurmada kullanabilir. Bu sayede, daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 tedarik\u00e7ilerinin nakit ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 optimize edilerek, tedarik zincirinin s\u0131hhati sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Grup \u0130\u00e7i Bor\u00e7lanma<\/u><\/p>\n

\u015eirketlerin nakit ak\u0131\u015f dengesinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck masrafl\u0131 ve h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde finansman olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in grup i\u00e7i bor\u00e7lanma ihtimali de s\u00f6z konusu olabilecek.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk \u015firketleri grup \u015firketlerine kredi kulland\u0131ramad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lacak grup i\u00e7i krediler \u00e7e\u015fitli d\u00f6vizle bor\u00e7lanma s\u0131n\u0131rlamas\u0131na tabi oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in i\u015flemin detayl\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesi ve k\u0131s\u0131tlamalara uygun \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekecek.<\/p>\n

Finansal Yeniden Yap\u0131land\u0131rma<\/u><\/p>\n

\u015eirketlerin, mali yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi ad\u0131na en \u00f6nemli alternatiflerden biri de finansal yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Finansal yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rma, mali s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ya\u015fayan \u015firketlere bir\u00e7ok fayda sa\u011flar. \u015eirketler; kredilerinin vadelerinin uzat\u0131lmas\u0131, kredilerin yenilenmesi, faiz veya anaparadan vazge\u00e7ilmesi gibi bir\u00e7ok yap\u0131land\u0131rma arac\u0131 ile nakit ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 dengeleyebilecek.<\/p>\n

Yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rma kapsam\u0131ndaki i\u015flemler ve ile haz\u0131rlanacak belgeler, damga vergisi, kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131 destekleme fonu, banka ve sigorta muameleleri vergisi ve di\u011fer resim ve har\u00e7lardan muaf olmak da d\u00e2hil, ancak bunlarla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmamak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok vergi istisnas\u0131ndan da yararlanacak.<\/p>\n

Finansal yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rmayla ilgili daha geni\u015f bilgi almak i\u00e7in yap\u0131land\u0131rmaya ili\u015fkin mevzuat b\u00fcltenlerimizi<\/a><\/u><\/strong> inceleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yeni normalin sadece finans piyasalar\u0131nda de\u011fil d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde konu\u015fuldu\u011fu bir ortamda \u015firketlerin, finansman se\u00e7eneklerini yeniden g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmesi, finans ve hukuk dan\u0131\u015fmanlar\u0131 ile mali yap\u0131lar\u0131 ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerinin de\u011ferlendirmesi ve yeni normal kapsam\u0131ndaki ad\u0131mlar\u0131 bir an \u00f6nce atmas\u0131 gerekecek.<\/p>\n

COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 ile ilgili hukuki d\u00fczenlemelerle ilgili bilgilere <\/strong>Esin Avukatl\u0131k Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Coronavir\u00fcs Masas\u0131<\/strong><\/a>‘ndan ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Giri\u015f COVID-19, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada oldu\u011fu gibi \u00fclkemizde de etkisini g\u00f6stermektedir ve \u015firketlerin g\u00fcndemindeki en \u00f6nemli konu haline gelmi\u015ftir. Nakit ak\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[120,149],"tags":[90,97],"class_list":["post-16388","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-legal-alerts","category-covid-19-tr","tag-banking-finance-tr","tag-capital-markets-tr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCOVID-19 D\u00f6neminde Nakit Y\u00f6netimi: T\u00fcrk \u015eirketler i\u00e7in Alternatif Finansman Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Giri\u015f COVID-19, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada oldu\u011fu gibi \u00fclkemizde de etkisini g\u00f6stermektedir ve \u015firketlerin g\u00fcndemindeki en \u00f6nemli konu haline gelmi\u015ftir. 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