{"id":12980,"date":"2019-12-02T13:09:47","date_gmt":"2019-12-02T13:09:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.esin.av.tr\/?p=12980"},"modified":"2022-06-09T12:39:29","modified_gmt":"2022-06-09T12:39:29","slug":"kars-insanlik-aniti-karari-anayasa-mahkemesi-eser-sahibinin-ifade-ozgurlugunu-ustun-tuttu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.esin.av.tr\/tr\/2019\/12\/02\/kars-insanlik-aniti-karari-anayasa-mahkemesi-eser-sahibinin-ifade-ozgurlugunu-ustun-tuttu\/","title":{"rendered":"Kars “\u0130nsanl\u0131k An\u0131t\u0131” Karar\u0131: Anayasa Mahkemesi Eser Sahibinin \u0130fade \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00dcst\u00fcn Tuttu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yeni Geli\u015fme<\/strong><\/p>\n

Anayasa Mahkemesi (“AYM<\/strong>“), 11 Temmuz 2019 tarihli, 2014\/5433 Numaral\u0131 Karar’\u0131nda (“Karar<\/strong>“), Mehmet Aksoy’un (“Ba\u015fvurucu<\/strong>“) eser sahibi oldu\u011fu “\u0130nsanl\u0131k An\u0131t\u0131” heykelinin 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u0131kt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131yla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bireysel ba\u015fvuruyu inceleyerek, ba\u015fvurucuya 20.000 TL de\u011ferinde manevi tazminat \u00f6denmesine oy \u00e7oklu\u011fuyla h\u00fckmetti. Karar, 25 Kas\u0131m 2019 tarihli Resmi Gazete’de yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bireysel Ba\u015fvurunun Arka Plan\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Kars Belediye Meclisi taraf\u0131ndan Kars’\u0131n bulundu\u011fu k\u00fclt\u00fcr co\u011frafyas\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015f ve dostlu\u011fu simgelemesi amac\u0131yla, “\u0130nsanl\u0131k An\u0131t\u0131”n\u0131n yapt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Heykelin in\u015fa edilmesinin ard\u0131ndan Kurul, b\u00f6lgede \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan t\u00fcfek mevzileri ve tonozlu yap\u0131lar bulundu\u011fu ve bu nedenle b\u00f6lgenin k\u00fclt\u00fcr varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bulgular elde etti\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle heykelin bulundu\u011fu alandaki yap\u0131lar\u0131n y\u0131kt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir ve bunun \u00fczerine Belediye Meclisi’nin karar\u0131yla \u0130nsanl\u0131k An\u0131t\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Birbiriyle \u00e7eli\u015fkili kararlar ve uzun bir hukuki s\u00fcrecin sonunda Ba\u015fvurucu’nun iptal talebi reddedilmi\u015f ve bu karar Yarg\u0131tay taraf\u0131ndan onanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Heykele ili\u015fkin tart\u0131\u015fmalar \u00f6zellikle ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 bas\u0131nda geni\u015f \u015fekilde yer alm\u0131\u015f, say\u0131s\u0131z sanat\u00e7\u0131 ve dernek bir araya gelerek heykelin y\u0131kt\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7 yarg\u0131 yolunun t\u00fcketilmesi \u00fczerine, Ba\u015fvurucu 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda AYM\u2019ye bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunmu\u015ftur.
\nBa\u015fvurucu bireysel ba\u015fvurusunda, sanat eserlerinin ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bir uzant\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funu, devletin sanat eserlerine \u00f6znel de\u011ferlendirmelerle m\u00fcdahale etmesinin ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ihlaline neden oldu\u011funu ve bununla birlikte adli yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini, iddia ederek Anayasa’n\u0131n 2., 26., 64. ve 138. maddelerince korunan haklar\u0131n\u0131n ihlalinin tespitini ve manevi tazminata karar verilmesini talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Anayasa Mahkemesi’nin Karar\u0131 ve Gerek\u00e7eleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

AYM, Karar’\u0131nda Ba\u015fvurucu’nun t\u00fcm hukuki yollar\u0131 t\u00fcketti\u011fini tespit ettikten sonra, “\u0130nsanl\u0131k An\u0131t\u0131”n\u0131n 5846 Say\u0131l\u0131 Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunu (“FSEK<\/strong>“) anlam\u0131nda eser, Ba\u015fvurucu’nun da eser sahibi oldu\u011funu tespit etmi\u015f ve sonras\u0131nda heykelin kamu g\u00fcc\u00fc kullanan organlarca y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n, ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne bir m\u00fcdahale oldu\u011funa kanaat getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bu do\u011frultuda, AYM “\u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bir alt dal\u0131 olan sanatsal ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrce y\u00fcr\u00fcterek m\u00fcdahaleye u\u011framamas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almaktad\u0131r. \u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc siyasi, sanatsal, akademik veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve kanaat a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 gibi her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ifadeyi kapsam\u0131na almaktad\u0131r” diyerek ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn koruma kapsam\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7er\u00e7evesini \u00e7izmi\u015f ve devletin sanat eserini meydana getiren ki\u015filerin ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerine gereksiz m\u00fcdahalelerde bulunmama y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc oldu\u011funu da eklemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Karar’da, sanat eserinin tahrip edilmeden ba\u015fka bir yere naklinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmadan, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in gerekli m\u00fczakereler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda bir \u00e7aba g\u00f6sterilmeden, eser do\u011frudan tahrip edildi\u011finden, devletin sanat eserinin korunmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yerine getirmedi\u011fine karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n

AYM bu karar\u0131nda, eser sahibinin eserden do\u011fan manevi haklar\u0131na da de\u011finerek, bir sanat eseri kamu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kullanan organlar taraf\u0131ndan tahrip edilmeden \u00f6nce bu sorunu gidermede ba\u015fvurulabilecek alternatif yollar\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine ve ki\u015filerin ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin keyfi olarak s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131na vurgu yapm\u0131\u015f ve eserin tahrip edilmesini ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ayk\u0131r\u0131 bulmu\u015ftur. Bu kararla hem devletin sanat eserini koruma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nemine de\u011finilmi\u015f, hem de sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ili\u015fkin olumlu bir ad\u0131m at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yeni Geli\u015fme Anayasa Mahkemesi (“AYM“), 11 Temmuz 2019 tarihli, 2014\/5433 Numaral\u0131 Karar’\u0131nda (“Karar“), Mehmet Aksoy’un (“Ba\u015fvurucu“) eser sahibi oldu\u011fu “\u0130nsanl\u0131k […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[120],"tags":[91],"class_list":["post-12980","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-legal-alerts","tag-intellectual-property-tr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nKars "\u0130nsanl\u0131k An\u0131t\u0131" Karar\u0131: Anayasa Mahkemesi Eser Sahibinin \u0130fade \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00dcst\u00fcn Tuttu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Yeni Geli\u015fme Anayasa Mahkemesi ("AYM"), 11 Temmuz 2019 tarihli, 2014\/5433 Numaral\u0131 Karar'\u0131nda ("Karar"), Mehmet Aksoy'un 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